Kathy H.
The narrator. Kathy tells the story from the perspective of a carer who knows her own donations are coming. She is observant, controlled, and emotionally guarded. Her calm narration is both her strength and her way of surviving grief. She loves Tommy but spends most of the novel watching from the edges of his life.
Tommy
Kathy's closest emotional connection and eventual partner. As a child, Tommy is mocked for his temper and excluded by other students. He channels his energy into art late in life, hoping it will help him earn a deferral. He is honest in a way the other characters are not, which makes his final breakdown the novel's most direct expression of grief.
Ruth
Kathy and Tommy's friend and, for years, Tommy's girlfriend. Ruth is socially intelligent and manipulative. She keeps Tommy close and Kathy at a distance because she is afraid of being left alone. Before she dies, she apologizes and tries to fix what she broke. Her honesty at the end does not undo the damage, but it changes how the reader understands her.
Miss Lucy
A guardian at Hailsham who decides the students deserve to know the truth about their futures. She tells them plainly that they will donate and die. She is dismissed for it. Her brief appearance shows what honesty costs inside a system built on managed ignorance.
Miss Emily
The head of Hailsham. Miss Emily believed she was doing something good by giving clones a humane childhood. When Kathy and Tommy visit her at the end, she explains the truth about the artwork and the deferrals without apology. She is not cruel, but she is certain she was right, even as the reader sees the limits of what her certainty achieved.